Социс 2014 №10

SOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES

MONTHLY

2014 № 10 (366)

СONTENTS. SUMMARIES

ТHЕОRY. МЕТHОDOLOGY

ZAMIATIN D.N. (D.S. Likhachev. Russian scientific research institute for cultural and nature heritage, Moscow, Russia)

Postgeography: capital(ism) of geographical images p. 3

Summary. Postgeography is a new concept in humanities describing processes of accelerated ontolotgization of spaciality under Postmodern conditions. Geographic images are seen in this cognitive situation as self-expanding social representations similar to the notion of capital. Procedures of space doubling are a dominant form of sociality’s being in a genetic sense. Life as a social representation might be imagined as autopoiesis of spaciality.

Кеy words: space • postgeography • capitalism • capital • geographic image • ontology • body • spaciality • со-spaciality • sacral • media • representation

PLIUSHCH А.N. (Institute of social and political psychology, National academy of sciences, Kiev, Ukraine)

A synergetic model of society organization p. 14

Summary. A synergetic model of society organization is presented involving individual subjects (discreet entities), group subjects (systemic entities) and collective subject society as a whole (fractal entity). Not the highest, but a most complex organized model of society construction is formed within the frame of synergetic discourse presupposing application of joint efforts by the above subjects. The proposed synergetic model corresponds the best to the spirit of Russian culture and the entire Russian civilization, where – interests of all the subjects duly taken into consideration – the priority remains belonging to society’s interests.

Кеy words: society • synergetic • wholeness • fractal • nationalism • liberalism • collectivism • civilization project

SOCIAL POLICIES. SOCIAL STRUCTURE

ТIKHONOVA N.Е. (National research institute ‘Higher school of economics’ and Institute of sociology, Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, Russia)

Stratification factors in contemporary Russia: dynamics of comparative significance p. 23

Summary. Data of all-Russian surveys between the middle of 1990th and 2013 permitted to demonstrate that completion of a structural re-construction in Russia led to greater significance of stratifying factors ensuring lesser role of the factors linked to individual activity of men. It is concluded that the mechanisms that have taken shape keep leading the country away from meritocratic societal ideal of equal chances.

Кеy words: social structure • stratification • mobility • inequalities • human capital • social capital • health

BЕLIAEVA L.А. (Institute of philosophy, Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, Russia)

Non-material capital: on the research methodology p. 36

Summary. Basic notions, structure, forms and levels of non-material capital seen as a unity of human, cultural and social capital are discussed. Data of all-Russian surveys permitted to look into the state of social capital in the context of Russian society modernization. A conclusion is argued for that transition to innovative development is only possible with the growth and cultivation of non-material capital and its main component parts.

Кеy words: non-material capital • cultural capital • human capital • social capital • symbolic capital

КОZLOVSKIY V.V., KOUDRIAKOV I.O. (both St.-Petersburg state university, St.-Petersburg, Russia)

Factors and tendencies in the development of Don Cossack community p. 45

Summary. Basic factors and tendencies in development of Don Cossack community are described. Facts of active penetration of Cossack representatives into power structures in the South of Russia are demonstrated as well as continued annual increases of governmental financing the Cossacks. Role and significance of Cossacks’ education are shown with regard to higher cohesion and reproduction of Cossacks as a separate social community.

Кеy words: Don Cossacks community • Cossack communities • social structure • development factors • sphere of activities • Cossacks education

АBRAMOV R.N. (National research institute ‘Higher school of economics’ and Institute of sociology, Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, Russia)

“Structuralists” and “Industrial sociologists”: on the history of studying social professional groups in the USSR, 1960–1980th p. 50

Summary. Explanatory resources of Soviet sociology are studies with regard to sociology of vocation and professions. Author accentuates studies of social structure of the Soviet society as a frame to investigate social professional groups. Contributions of “industrial sociology” are emphasized as a movement of paramount significance for the making of many sociological disciplines, including sociology of employment and professions in Russia.

Кеy words: social structure • sociology of professions • history of sociology • Soviet sociology • industrial sociology • professionalism

ROMANOV P.V., YARSKAYA-SMIRNOVA Е.R. (both National research institute ‘Higher school of economics; Moscow, Rvssia)

Researching professionalizaton of social work in contemporary Russia: a potential of neo- Weberian approach p. 60

Summary. The paper demonstrates cognitive potentialities of neo-Weberian approach to studying professional groups as exemplified by the social work specialists. The data of inter-regional survey serve to illustrate specifics of economic, power and cultural component parts of professions’ status in their interrelation. The study has shown that the model of social work is characterized by a nothigh economic resource and insufficient prestige, by marked independence of employees and a limited sphere of their influence, by dominant departmental regulatory mechanisms, and informal mechanisms. Appeals to legal norms of professional context permitted to conclude that practical competences outweigh analytic and administrative competences with a majority of specialists; however, a considerable share of them possess experiences in social structural work.

Key words: professions • neo-Weberian approach • survey • social work • professionalism • status • prestige

POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

BОBКОVА Е.М. (T.G. Shevchenko. Transnistria state university, Tiraspol’, Transnistria)

Trust as factor for societal integrity p. 70

Summary. The paper reviews role of trust in societal interaction. Analyzed is public opinion on the state and outlook of stronger trust as a pre-requisite for retaining integrity of society.

Кеy words: trust • antinomies • determinants of social interaction

ZENIUK D.А.; МАLINETSKIY G.G.; FALLER D.S. (Institute of applied mathematics, Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, Russia)

Corruption behavior model for bureaucratic hierarchy: results of a computational experiment p. 76

Summary. Conceptual model of corruption in social systems and its mathematical formalization are proposed. Various approaches to formalization of underlying mechanisms defining corruptional behavior are discussed. Results of numerical analysis which allow to compare the effectiveness of various anticorruptional strategies are stated.

Кеy words: corruption • social systems • self-organization • numerical simulation • graph theory

SUKHOVOL’SKIY V.G. (V.N. Sukhachev Institute for forestry, Russian academy of sciences, Siberian branch). SHELEKHOV А.М. (Tver’ state university, Tver’, Russia). KARPOV М.А. (nanovo state power engineering university, Ivanovo, Russia)

Assessing social tensions in RF regions (Popular appeals to “United Russia” fraction) p. 85

Summary. Results of statistical analysis of intensity and topics of appeals of people form different regions of Russia to reception office of “United Russia” party in RF State Duma. Procedure is proposed to measure appeals numbers taking into account numbers of adult population in the region and distance from Moscow.

Кеy words: information • citizens’ appeals • “United Russia” • statistical analysis

ETHNOSOCIOLOGY

VEDERNIKOVA Е.М. (Tartu university, Tartu, Estonia)

A theory of ethno-linguistic vitality: evolution and contemporary state p. 91

Summary. 30 year long evolution and factors of ethno-linguistic vitality conception are reviewed. A respective mathematical model is offered as well as characteristic of the present day state of the theory development. Key issues for the study of the given phenomenon are suggested.

Кеy words: objective ethno-linguistic vitality • subjective ethno-linguistic vitality • factors of ethnolinguistic vitality • inter-group relations • group’s strength• theory of stable linguistic development of ethno-linguistic group • mathematical model of ethno-linguistic vitality

KHANAKHU R.А. (Adygeya republican institute of humanitarian studies, Maykop, Russia, TSVETKOV О.М. – Southern academic center, Russian academy of sciences, Rostov/Don, Russia)

Islamic community in the Republic of Adygeya: current situation and trends in development p. 97

Summary. A study of the situation in Islamic community of the Republic of Agygeya serves for forecasting trends in its evolution basing on the interviews of Moslem clergy and experts, as well аs a mass survey. The authors managed to find out degree of Islam prevalence – depth of acquaintance with Islamic theology, following/not-following prescriptions and cults, etc.

Кеy words: Islam • Moslems • religiosity level • Islamic community

ANNIVERSARIES

А.V. DMITRIEV IS 80! p. 104

S.A. KUGEL IS 90! p. 105

KUGEL S.A. St.-Petersburg branch of Vavilov Institute of History of natural sciences and technologies, BLOK М. – St.-Petersburg state university, KHVATOVA Т.Yu. – St.-Petersburg state polytechnical university.

On applying business-model approach to higher education p. 106

Summary. Entrepreneurial approach is becoming a key factor in competitive advantage and success bringing about changes in higher education system: a university can no longer have status of an oasis of science and learning. It must become a knowledge generator, striving for strong connections with business sectors. In the paper the state of higher education from the perspectives of universities, individuals, organizations and society as a whole is discussed. Influence of the international educational environment to gain a better understanding of the mission, vision and functions of higher education is stressed. Attention is drawn to increased complexity in relations between universities and their stakeholders, and to the principles of New Public Management, which are being introduced into the academic environment. University ranking systems are discussed, and comparisons between views on ranking systems in Russia and Germany are made. The research is aimed to create a picture of transformations in academic environment, as well as to draw attention to responsibility and ethics in the new business-model for higher education.

Кеy words: business-model • education • New Public Management • rankings

SOCIOLOGICAL JOURNALISM

VELIKIY P.P. (Institute of agrarian problems, Russian academy of science, Saratov, Russia)

Specifics of national hunting: a sociological sketch p. 117

Summary. Issues are reviewed of amateur hunters as active users of natural environment users in the context of their ecological culture. Effective institutionalization of hunting is discussed considering transformation of social and territorial space of the Russian society.

Кеy words: sporting hunters • nature management • conflict of interests • ecological culture • the social • territorial space • justice • hunt legislation

THE FIRST STEPS

GOL’MAN Е.А. (National research institute ‘Higher school of economics’, Moscow, Russia)

Development of ideas about body practices in social science p. 127

Summary. The paper discusses prospects analysis of the body practices with the help of concepts “body techniques”, “technologies of the self” and “body pedagogic”. Detailed classification of the body techniques is developed. All three concepts appear to be relevant to different levels of analysis of the body practices. While the concept of “body techniques” describes full range of ways of using the body and working upon it, “body pedagogic” explains institutional channels of transmission of specific techniques, “technologies of the self” is relevant for studying motivation and values of engagement in the work upon the body.

Кеy words: sociology of the body • body techniques • technologies of the self • body pedagogic

МIRONOVA А.А. (National research institute ‘Higher school of economics’, Moscow, Russia AND International laboratory of social cultural studies)

Intergenerational solidarity of relatives in Russia p. 136

Summary. This paper is dedicated to analysis of intergenerational exchanges between relatives. Found out were main characteristics of contact frequency between family members, structure of descending and ascending transfers’ flows. We conducted comparative theoretical analysis of government and private transfers. Importance of private intergenerational transfers from the social policy’s point of view was proved.

Кеy words: family • generations • private transfers

ACADEMIC EVENTS

POLUKHINA Е.V., RESHETEEVA R.I. Homo sociologicus: refracting complex social reality p. 143

PLATONOVA А.P. “Cоmmunicology” journal marks its first year p. 144

REFLECTING ON A NEW BOOK • BOOK REVIEWS • BOOKS IN BRIEF

IN MEMORIAM – P.V. Romanov p. 157

CONTENTS. SUMMARIES p. 158