Zubko, A.V., Sabgayda, T.P., Semyonova, V.G. (2022). Factors Reducing Child Mortality from Congenital Heart Defects in Russia. In: Skiadas, C.H., Skiadas, C. (eds) Quantitative Methods in Demography. The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis, vol 52. Springer, Cham. P. 317-333.

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Despite progress in technologies for care delivery to low birth weight preterm babies and prenatal care, congenital anomalies (malformations) (CA) remain an urgent public health issue. Worldwide, about 10% of newborn deaths are associated with congenital anomalies (Rothman et al., 2008; WHO/CDC/ICBDMS, 2014), in Europe they are responsible for 25% of newborn deaths, including 2.5% of deaths that occurred during the first week of life (Dolk et al., 2010). Of the 5.1 million births in the European Union (EU) each year, approximately 104,000 (2.5%) will be born with congenital anomalies (Kinsner-Ovaskainen et al., 2020). In Russia, congenital anomalies rank second among causes of death in the first year of life following conditions originating in the perinatal period, and rank third among causes of child disability (Postoyev et al., 2017). Complications caused by these anomalies can affect health throughout the life, having a significant impact on life expectancy and life quality (Glinianaia et al., 2012). Some congenital anomalies can be corrected either by therapy or surgery, while others are untreatable and concise life expectancy to 10 years.

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