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Журнал: Социологические исследованияДобрякова М. С., Юрченко О. В.Самостоятельность и агентность школьников: различение понятий

Журнал: Социологические исследования

Добрякова М. С., Юрченко О. В.

Самостоятельность и агентность школьников: различение понятий

Добрякова Мария Сергеевна , главный эксперт Института образования НИУ «Высшая школа экономики», Москва, Россия.
mdobryakova@hse.ru

Юрченко Олеся Викторовна , старший научный сотрудник Института социологии ФНИСЦ РАН, Москва, Россия.
olesya@mail.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S013216250028534-0

ID статьи на сайте журнала: 9842


Полный текст

Ссылка при цитировании:

Добрякова М. С., Юрченко О. В. Самостоятельность и агентность школьников: различение понятий // Социологические исследования. 2023. № 11. С. 80-92.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S013216250028534-0

Рубрика:

Социология образования

Аннотация

Исследуется концептуальное различие между «самостоятельностью» и «агентностью» в образовании. Хотя понятия часто воспринимают как синонимы, их разграничение продуктивно для практической педагогики. Раскрывая сущность агентного действия в девяти теоретических тезисах на основе социологических и психологических подходов, прослежены его предпосылки и обозначены развилки, в которых агентность и самостоятельность расходятся. Агентность стремится к изменению на основе осознанно сконструированной идентичности и ценностей. Самостоятельность сфокусирована на достижении мастерства в рамках существующих ролей и социальных норм; самостоятельность нацелена на преемственность, агентность – на изменение. Разграничение этих понятий поможет осознанно проектировать учебные ситуации и задавать реалистичные образовательные результаты. Но агентность как измеримый образовательный результат очень сложна, поскольку связана с идентичностью и личным отношением к социальным ситуациям, и очень индивидуальна. Самостоятельность (автономия) как образовательный результат проще, требуя сравнения умений ученика с умениями взрослого человека. Ключевым фактором, дифференцирующим самостоятельность и агентность, является характер идентичности индивида – ее ориентация на воспроизводство существующего или на индивидуальный поиск и изменение.

Ключевые слова

самостоятельность; автономия; агентность; образовательные результаты

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